Growth Form: Conical to ovoid
Crown Density: Moderately dense Size: 40-100’ high; 15-60’ spread Drought Resistance: Excellent Cold Hardiness: Excellent Growth Rate: Rapid to moderate Life Span: Long Elevational Range: to 9,000’ Soil Conditions: Tolerates alkaline well Possible Insect Problems: Sawflies, Bark Beetle, Tip Moth Possible Disease Problems: Western Gall Rust, Dwarf Mistletoe, Shoestring Root Rot Wildlife Value: High; benefits song and ground birds, small mammals, and browsers Seasonal Color: Evergreen Miscellany: Native; needs well-drained soils |